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Basic structure of battery

Dec 25,2025

Polar plate: It is the core component of a battery, divided into positive and negative plates, composed of a grid frame and active material. The active material of the positive electrode plate is lead dioxide, and the negative electrode plate is sponge like pure lead.

Polar plate: It is the core component of a battery, divided into positive and negative plates, composed of a grid frame and active material. The active material of the positive electrode plate is lead dioxide, and the negative electrode plate is sponge like pure lead.
Partition: It serves as insulation between the positive and negative electrode plates, with many micropores on it, which facilitates the penetration of electrolyte.
Electrolyte: Generally prepared by mixing pure sulfuric acid and distilled water in a certain proportion, its function is to make ions conductive and participate in the chemical reaction of the battery.
Shell: It is often made of hard rubber or polypropylene plastic and is used to hold electrolyte and electrode plates. The shell is divided into multiple separate compartments, which are connected in series with lead connecting strips.
Pole: The horizontal plates of the first and last electrode groups of ordinary lead-acid batteries are welded with pole columns, which are divided into positive and negative poles, respectively marked with "+" or "P", "-" or "N" symbols.

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