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Working principle of battery

Dec 25,2025

Chemical energy is converted into electrical energy. Positive electrode active materials (such as lead dioxide) and negative electrode active materials (such as sponge like lead) react with electrolytes (such as sulfuric acid solution) to produce lead sulfate and water, while releasing electrons to form an electric current.

Discharge process:
Chemical energy is converted into electrical energy. Positive electrode active materials (such as lead dioxide) and negative electrode active materials (such as sponge like lead) react with electrolytes (such as sulfuric acid solution) to produce lead sulfate and water, while releasing electrons to form an electric current.
Charging process:
Electric energy is converted into chemical energy, and an external power source forces electrons to flow in the opposite direction, causing lead sulfate to decompose back into positive and negative active substances and sulfuric acid, restoring battery capacity.

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